Antipope Clement III
Margrave, Canossa, Pope Gregory VII, Investiture Controversy
978-613-6-84649-1
6136846497
180
2011-07-02
54.00 €
eng
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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Guibert or Wibert of Ravenna (c. 1029 – 8 September 1100) was a cleric made antipope in 1080 due to perceived abuses of Pope Gregory VII during the Investiture Controversy, a title that lasted to his death. He was born in Parma with the name Giberto Giberti and had family connections to the Margraves of Canossa. A cleric, he was appointed to the Imperial chancellorship for Italy by the Empress Agnes in 1057, which position he held until 1063. In 1058 he participated in the election of Pope Nicholas II but on his death in 1061, he combined with the Imperial and Transpadine Anti-Reform party to create Cadalous of Parma as Antipope Honorius II against Pope Alexander II. However, owing to the campaigns of Godfrey III, Duke of Lower Lorraine, Archbishop Anno of Cologne, and St. Peter Damian, the Church by-and-large rejected Honorius II and acknowledged Alexander II; probably as a result of these activities, the Empress Agnes dismissed him from the Imperial Chancellorship of Italy.
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